The Echinoid Directory

Permocidaris Lambert, 1900, p. 39

Diagnostic Features
  • Type species based on isolated interambulacral plates and spines.
  • Interambulacral plates subrectangular; thin and with small imbrication flanges. A large central tubercle on each plate that is perforate and illustrated as crenulate; surrounding areole large; small scattered granules around plate margin.
  • Primary spines short, thick and fusiform; short smooth neck; shaft ornamented with more or less regularly developed beaded ribs or aligned, blunt thorns.
Distribution
Permian - Lower Triassic, Pakistan, Hungary.
Name gender feminine
Type
Cidaris forbesiana de Koninck, 1863, p. 22, by original designation.
Species Included
  • P. forbesiana (de Koninck, 1863); Permian, Pakistan.
  • P. hamata (Sandor, 1978); Upper Permian, Hungary.
  • P. pakistanensis Linck, 1955; Lower Triassic (Dienerian); Salt Range, Pakistan.
Classification and/or Status

Stem group Cidaroidea; ?Miocidaridae.

Monotypic.

Remarks

The spines are very like those of the Upper Carboniferous Archaeocidaris rossica (Desor) and some other species of this genus (but not the type). The tubercles, however are shown as being crenulate. If this is correct, then the taxon is distinct from all other Palaeozoic echinoids. Also it is not clear how many columns of interambulacral plates would have been present in the test. 

Sandor (1978) described the species Archaeocidaris hamata Sandor 1978, from the Upper Permian Black Lyttonienkalk of northern Hungary.  This clearly has strongly crenulate primary tubercles, but is based on rather eroded isolated plates and spines.  It is not possible to tell from the paper whether this has two or more than two columns of interambulacral plates.  The spines are very different from those illustrated for the type species of Permocidaris, being slender and cylindrical with a small number of very coarse thorns.

Kier (1977, pl. 1, fig. 1) reillustrated Linck's species Miocidaris pakistanensis, which has similar spines and imbricate aboral interambulacral plating.  If this species is congeneric with the type species of Permocidaris then that genus is a member of the Miocidaridae rather than the Archaeocidaridae.

Lambert, J. 1900. Etude sur quelques echinides de l'Infra-Lias et du Lias. Bulletin de la Societe des Sciences historiques et naturelles de l'Yonne 52 [for 1899], 3-57.

Sandor , M. 1978. Echinoideenreste aus dem Oberperm des Bukkgebirges (Nordungarn). Magyar Allami Foldtani Intezet Evi Jelentese Az 1978, Evrol 399-412.

Waagen, 1885. Salt Range fossils. 1. Productus Limestone fossils. Palaeontologica Indica 13.